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The text describes orthopedic tests for knee and ankle injuries. It details the varus-valgus stress test for collateral ligament injuries, the anterior/posterior drawer test for cruciate ligament tears, and the McMurray test for meniscus injuries. It also includes the Apley grind test, patellar tap test for effusion, Soto-hall sign for patellar friction, and Thompson's test for Achilles tendon rupture. Each test involves specific patient positioning and examiner maneuvers to assess joint stability and pain.
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